Space Weather Links

Observation and Prediction Centers

ESA Space Weather Service Network

The objective of the European Space Agency (ESA) Space Weather Office is to provide owners and operators of critical spaceborne and ground-based infrastructure timely and accurate information to enable mitigation of the adverse impacts of space weather.

NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC)

The Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) is the United States operational space-weather center within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The center monitors and forecasts space-weather conditions and provides alerts, warnings, and forecasts related to solar activity, solar radiation storms, and geomagnetic disturbances, as well as other space-weather phenomena that may affect technological systems and human activities.

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NASA's Space Weather Program advances scientific research and applications aimed at understanding, predicting, and tracking space-weather phenomena and their effects throughout the heliosphere, including the near-Earth space environment.

Australian Bureau of Meteorology - Space Weather Services

The Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre (ASWFC), operated by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, monitors and forecasts space-weather conditions, including solar activity, the near-Earth space environment, geomagnetic activity, and ionospheric conditions.

Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence (Belgium)

The Solar-Terrestrial Centre of Excellence (STCE) is a Belgian research and service centre dedicated to solar and solar-terrestrial physics and space weather. It brings together expertise from three Belgian federal scientific institutes: the Royal Observatory of Belgium (ROB), the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium (RMI), and the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), combining scientific research, observations, forecasting, and operational space-weather services.

Space Environment Prediction Center (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

The Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC), part of the National Space Science Center (NSSC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), conducts research and operational activities in space-environment monitoring and prediction. Its work includes monitoring, analysis, and forecasting of solar and near-Earth space conditions and the assessment of space-weather phenomena that may affect spacecraft and technological systems.

Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (Spain)

The Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Spain's National Meteorological Agency, provides space-weather information and monitoring products for Spain. Its space-weather services include information related to solar activity, the interplanetary environment, geomagnetic activity, and ionospheric conditions, supporting the assessment of space-weather disturbances and their potential effects.

Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) - Geomagnetism (Spain)

The Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), the Spanish Geological Survey, operates geomagnetic observatories and monitoring networks in Spain, providing observations and data on Earth's magnetic field and its variations. Its activities include monitoring geomagnetic disturbances associated with solar activity, producing geomagnetic data and maps, and conducting research in geomagnetism.

Real Observatorio de la Armada (Spain)

The Real Observatorio de la Armada (ROA) — the Royal Institute and Observatory of the Spanish Navy — conducts observation and research in geomagnetism, seismology, geodesy, astronomy, and related geophysical disciplines. Its geomagnetic activities include continuous observation of Earth's magnetic field and participation in national and international scientific networks, contributing data and research relevant to the study of geomagnetic disturbances and solar-terrestrial interactions.

Servicio Nacional de Meteorología Espacial (SENMES-UAH)

The Servicio Nacional de Meteorología Espacial (SENMES), operated by the Space Weather Group (SWE) of the University of Alcalá, provides space-weather monitoring, analysis, alerts, and information for Spain. Its activities combine observations, physical models, and data-analysis techniques to study solar activity, the interplanetary environment, geomagnetic activity, and their potential effects on technological systems.

Observatori de l'Ebre (Spain)

The Observatori de l'Ebre (Ebro Observatory), founded in 1904 and located in Roquetes, Spain, is a research institute specializing in geophysics and solar-terrestrial science. Its scientific activities include observations and research in solar activity, geomagnetism, ionospheric and upper-atmospheric physics, as well as hydrology and climate, providing long-term observational data relevant to the study of solar-terrestrial interactions and space weather.

NASA Science Mission Directorate Heliophysics Division

NASA's Heliophysics Division studies the Sun, the heliosphere, and the interconnected system formed by the Sun, Earth, and other planetary environments. Its research investigates solar activity, the solar wind, planetary magnetospheres and upper atmospheres, and the physical processes that produce space weather and its effects on spacecraft, communications, navigation, and other technological systems.

Institute of Applied Geophysics (Russia)

The Institute of Applied Geophysics (IAG), based in Moscow, conducts monitoring and research in applied geophysics, including ionospheric conditions and solar-terrestrial physics. Its activities include observations and analysis relevant to the assessment of the near-Earth space environment and space-weather conditions.

Solar Influences Data Analysis Center (Belgium)

The Solar Influences Data Analysis Center (SIDC), part of the Royal Observatory of Belgium, monitors solar activity and provides observations, data products, analyses, and forecasts related to solar variability and its influence on the space environment. Its services contribute to the monitoring and forecasting of space weather and to research on longer-term solar variability and space climate.

Canadian Space Weather Forecasts Centre (Canada)

The Canadian Space Weather Forecast Centre provides monitoring, forecasts, alerts, data, and educational information related to space-weather conditions over Canada. Its services include information on solar activity, geomagnetic activity, ionospheric conditions, and the potential effects of space weather on technological systems and infrastructure.

Institute for Solar-Terrestrial Physics, German Aerospace Center (DLR)

The DLR Institute for Solar-Terrestrial Physics investigates the coupled ionosphere–thermosphere–magnetosphere (ITM) system and its response to energy and momentum inputs from the Sun and Earth's lower atmosphere. Its research addresses the physical processes governing ionospheric and near-Earth space conditions, contributing to the understanding, observation, modelling, and prediction of space weather and its effects on technological systems.

Space Weather Missions

Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)

The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), launched on February 11, 2010, continuously observes the Sun to investigate solar activity and the physical processes that drive space weather. Its instruments measure the Sun's magnetic field, solar ultraviolet and extreme-ultraviolet radiation, and the dynamics of the solar atmosphere, while helioseismic observations provide information about processes occurring within the Sun.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)

The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), a joint ESA/NASA mission launched on December 2, 1995, studies the Sun from its interior through the solar atmosphere and into the solar wind. Its instruments observe solar oscillations, the corona, and the solar wind, while its coronagraphs provide important observations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and other solar phenomena relevant to space weather.

Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES)–R Series

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES-R Series) are NOAA's current generation of geostationary environmental satellites and include GOES-18 and GOES-19, which serve as the operational GOES-West and GOES-East satellites, respectively. In addition to terrestrial weather observations, the GOES-R Series carries space-weather instruments that monitor solar X-ray and extreme-ultraviolet radiation, energetic particles, and Earth's magnetic environment, providing important real-time data for detecting and characterizing solar flares, solar radiation storms, and geomagnetic disturbances.

Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE)

The Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), launched on August 25, 1997, operates near the Sun–Earth L1 Lagrange point, where it measures the solar wind, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and energetic particles before they reach Earth. These upstream measurements provide valuable advance information about solar-wind disturbances approaching the magnetosphere and are widely used for monitoring and forecasting geomagnetic activity and other space-weather conditions.

Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR)

The Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR), launched on February 11, 2015, operates near the Sun–Earth L1 Lagrange point, where it provides continuous measurements of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) upstream of Earth. These measurements allow space-weather forecasters to characterize approaching solar-wind disturbances before they interact with Earth's magnetosphere, providing short-term advance information important for forecasting geomagnetic disturbances. DSCOVR also carries instruments for observing the sunlit Earth.

Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO A & B)

NASA's Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) mission was launched on October 26, 2006, with two nearly identical spacecraft, STEREO-A (Ahead) and STEREO-B (Behind), placed in heliocentric orbits to observe the Sun from different perspectives. Their combined observations enabled stereoscopic studies of the three-dimensional structure and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Contact with STEREO-B was ultimately lost, while STEREO-A continues to provide solar and heliospheric observations relevant to the study of solar activity and space weather.

Solar Orbiter

Solar Orbiter, an ESA-led mission with strong NASA participation, was launched in February 2020 to investigate how the Sun creates and controls the heliosphere. The spacecraft combines remote-sensing observations of the Sun with in-situ measurements of the solar wind and energetic particles, allowing conditions measured around the spacecraft to be related to their source regions on the Sun. Its progressively inclined orbit also provides increasingly detailed observations of the Sun's polar regions, helping scientists investigate the solar magnetic field and the physical processes that drive solar activity and space weather.

Integrated Tools

Integrated Space Weather Analysis System (ISWA)

The Integrated Space Weather Analysis (ISWA) system, developed by NASA's Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC), is a web-based platform that integrates near-real-time space-weather observations, data products, and outputs from numerical models into a configurable analysis environment. It allows users to combine and visualize information describing conditions from the Sun through the heliosphere to Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere, supporting both space-weather monitoring and scientific analysis.

RayTRIX Oblique Trace Synthesizer (UMASS Lowell)

The RayTRIX Oblique Trace Synthesizer, developed by UMass Lowell, uses ionospheric ray tracing to model the propagation of HF radio signals between a specified transmitter and receiver through a realistic ionosphere. It calculates propagation paths involving the E, F1, and F2 regions and estimates parameters such as the Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) for the specified radio path and time. The tool is useful for examining how the spatial and temporal state of the ionosphere influences HF propagation.

Reports & Data Repositories

Current Space Weather (ESA Space Weather Service Network)

The ESA Space Weather Service Network provides access to current space-weather information, data, and products covering the Sun, interplanetary environment, Earth's ionosphere and thermosphere, and their effects on technological systems and operations. Its services address applications including spacecraft operations and design, human spaceflight, transionospheric radio communications, power systems, aviation, space surveillance and tracking, launch operations, pipelines, and auroral activity.

IONMON Maps (ESA Space Weather Service Network)

The ESA Ionospheric Monitoring (IONMON) service provides products for monitoring the state of the ionosphere, including global maps of Total Electron Content (TEC) and associated TEC Root Mean Square (RMS) errors. The ESA/ESOC Navigation Support Office provides animations covering 24-hour periods with a one-hour time resolution, allowing users to visualize the temporal and geographic evolution of ionospheric electron content.

Joint USAF/NOAA 3-day Report of Solar and Geophysical Activity (NOAA)

The NOAA SWPC 3-Day Report of Solar and Geophysical Activity summarizes recent and expected solar and geomagnetic conditions. It includes analysis of solar active regions and recent activity, probabilities of significant solar events, the 10.7 cm solar radio flux (F10.7), geomagnetic A indices, and probabilities of different levels of geomagnetic activity, providing a concise overview of observed conditions and the outlook for the following days.

Space Weather Prediction Center Images Repository (NOAA)

The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) image and data repository provides graphical and observational products for monitoring the space environment. Available resources include solar-flare and D-Region Absorption Prediction (D-RAP) products, solar-wind and energetic-particle measurements from ACE, geomagnetic indices and magnetometer data, auroral forecasts, radiation-environment products, and space-weather alerts and notifications. The repository also includes animations, synoptic maps, and other products used to assess current space-weather conditions.

Space Weather Prediction Center Text Files Repository (NOAA)

The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) text-product repository provides reports, forecasts, alerts, and observational summaries covering solar, interplanetary, geomagnetic, and ionospheric conditions. Products include 3-day, 27-day, and 45-day outlooks and forecasts, solar-region and event reports, solar radio-flux data, ACE solar-wind and energetic-particle data, geomagnetic indices and alerts, auroral information, D-RAP products, and the Geophysical Alert Message broadcast by WWV.

NESDIS Space Weather Portal (NOAA-NCEI)

The NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) Space Environment reports provide archived and operational information on solar and geophysical activity. Available products include SWPC reports, solar and geophysical event reports, Geoalert reports, reports and forecasts of solar and geophysical activity, solar-region summaries, and other historical space-environment data used for monitoring and analysis.

Current Solar Images from SDO/AIA (NASA)

The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) image repository provides current and archived observations of the Sun obtained by SDO's instruments. Images at multiple extreme-ultraviolet and ultraviolet wavelengths, together with magnetograms and other solar data products, reveal different layers and temperatures of the solar atmosphere and are particularly useful for observing active regions, solar flares, coronal holes, and other manifestations of solar activity.

Daily Solar Activity Reports (Big Bear Solar Observatory)

The Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) Daily Activity Reports provide observational summaries of solar activity, including information on sunspots, active regions, solar flares, prominences, and other features visible on the solar disk. These reports provide a useful record of the evolution of solar active regions and associated activity.

Alertas Servicio Nacional de Meteorología Espacial (SENMES)

The Servicio Nacional de Meteorología Espacial (SENMES) provides space-weather alerts and information specifically oriented to users in Spain, covering potentially significant solar and geomagnetic events. Its products help users monitor disturbances in the Sun–Earth environment and assess their possible effects on technological systems and infrastructure in Spain.

Space Weather Data and Services (BGS)

The British Geological Survey (BGS) provides geomagnetic observations and data products from its network of magnetic observatories. These resources include measurements of Earth's magnetic field and its variations, supporting the monitoring and analysis of geomagnetic activity and geomagnetic disturbances for scientific and space-weather applications.

Forecasts

Space Weather Advisory Outlook (NOAA-SWPC)

The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) Advisory Outlook provides a summary of significant space-weather activity observed during the previous week and an outlook for potentially significant events during the following week. It covers expected solar activity, solar radiation storms, and geomagnetic activity, providing a concise medium-range assessment of conditions that may affect technological systems.

Solar Conditions Summary and Forecast (Australian BOM)

The Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre (ASWFC) provides forecasts of solar activity, including expected levels of solar-flare activity and information on active regions. These products help users assess the likelihood of significant solar events and their potential influence on the near-Earth space environment during the forecast period.

Solar Activity: Solar Cycle and Sunspots

Solar Cycle Progression (NOAA-SWPC)

The NOAA SWPC Solar Cycle Progression provides plots tracking the evolution of the current solar cycle using two principal indicators of solar activity: the sunspot number and the 10.7 cm solar radio flux (F10.7). Observed values are shown together with predicted solar-cycle progression, making the resource useful for following long-term changes in solar activity and comparing the current cycle with its expected evolution.

Datos Solares (Observatori de l'Ebre)

The Observatori de l'Ebre (Ebro Observatory) provides historical records of the monthly mean Wolf sunspot number derived from solar observations made at the observatory. These data provide a valuable long-term record for studying the evolution of sunspot activity and the solar cycle.

Geomagnetism

International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET)

INTERMAGNET (International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network) is a global network of geomagnetic observatories that provides high-quality measurements of Earth's magnetic field and its variations. Its website gives access to geomagnetic data from observatories around the world, supporting research and the monitoring and analysis of geomagnetic activity and disturbances.

Magnetograms from Ebre/Horta SJ (Ebre Observatory)

The Observatori de l'Ebre (Ebro Observatory) provides geomagnetic observations from the Horta Observatory, including magnetograms and geomagnetic indices derived from continuous measurements of Earth's magnetic field. These data allow users to monitor temporal variations of the magnetic field and assess geomagnetic activity and disturbances over northeastern Spain.

Magnetograms and K-Index from San Pablo Observatory (IGN)

The San Pablo Observatory, operated by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), the Spanish Geological Survey, provides continuous measurements of Earth's magnetic field, including magnetograms and K-index values. These observations allow users to monitor short-term magnetic-field variations and assess geomagnetic activity and disturbances over mainland Spain.

Magnetograms and K-Index from Güímar Observatory (IGN)

The Güímar Observatory, operated by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), the Spanish Geological Survey, provides continuous measurements of Earth's magnetic field from the Canary Islands. Its magnetograms allow users to monitor magnetic-field variations and assess geomagnetic activity and disturbances at the observatory's location.

Record of Major Geomagnetic Storms (IGN)

The Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), the Spanish Geological Survey, provides information and data for monitoring geomagnetic storms and disturbances affecting Spain. Its resources help users follow variations in Earth's magnetic field and assess the intensity and evolution of geomagnetic activity using observations from the Spanish geomagnetic monitoring network.

Geospace Geomagnetic Activity Plot (NOAA)

The NOAA SWPC Geospace Geomagnetic Activity Plot combines real-time solar-wind observations with output from the Geospace model to provide estimates and forecasts of geomagnetic activity. The product displays estimated and forecast Kp and Dst indices, helping users monitor the development and expected intensity of geomagnetic disturbances affecting Earth's magnetic environment.

Geomagnetism Program (USGS)

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geomagnetism Program operates a network of magnetic observatories across the United States and provides measurements and data products describing Earth's magnetic field and its variations. These observations support scientific research and the monitoring of geomagnetic activity and disturbances, including geomagnetic storms that can affect technological infrastructure.

Aurorae

OVATION Live Display (Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory)

The OVATION Live Display provides estimates of the location and extent of the auroral oval using observations from sources including DMSP satellite particle measurements, Meridian Scanning Photometers (MSP), and SuperDARN radars. These data are used to estimate auroral boundaries and visualize the geographic region in which auroral activity is occurring.

AuroraWatch UK (Lancaster University)

AuroraWatch UK, operated by Lancaster University, monitors geomagnetic activity and provides alerts indicating the likelihood of auroral visibility from the United Kingdom. The service uses magnetic-field measurements from ground-based magnetometers to detect geomagnetic disturbances associated with enhanced auroral activity and provides a simple alert system for the public.

Radio Communications

Red Nacional de Radio de Emergencia (REMER)

The Red Radio de Emergencia (REMER) is Spain's emergency radio network, bringing together volunteer radio operators who support civil-protection communications when required. Its activities make radio communications and the conditions affecting radio propagation particularly relevant to emergency preparedness and operations.

HF propagation forecasts by EA3EPH

EA3EPH provides Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) prediction reports generated using its “Sondeo” tool. These reports are intended to help radio amateurs assess the frequencies that may support HF ionospheric propagation over particular radio paths under the predicted ionospheric conditions, especially during disaster mitigation operations.

Communications (SENMES)

The Servicio Nacional de Meteorología Espacial (SENMES) provides information and products related to the effects of space weather on radio communications, specifically oriented to users in Spain. These resources help assess how solar and ionospheric disturbances may affect radio-wave propagation and communication conditions.

Ionospheric Weather Expert Service Centre (I-ESC)

The Ionospheric Weather Expert Service Centre (I-ESC), part of the European Space Agency (ESA) Space Weather Service Network, provides services, products, and expertise for monitoring and assessing ionospheric and upper-atmospheric conditions. Its resources support the analysis of ionospheric disturbances and their potential effects on systems that depend on the propagation of radio signals through the ionosphere.

Global HF Propagation Summary and Forecast (Australian BOM)

The Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre (ASWFC) provides global HF radio-propagation information and prediction products based on ionospheric conditions. These resources help radio users assess expected HF propagation conditions and the frequencies likely to support communications over different paths and geographic regions.

Recent Flare and Fadeout Information (Australian BOM)

The Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre (ASWFC) provides information on recent solar flares and associated HF radio fadeouts. Enhanced solar X-ray radiation during a flare can increase ionization in the sunlit D-region, producing increased HF absorption and potentially causing partial or complete shortwave radio blackouts.

Radio Communications Dashboard (NOAA-SWPC)

The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) Radio Dashboard brings together space-weather information relevant to radio communications and HF propagation. Its products include D-Region Absorption Prediction (D-RAP), solar X-ray flux, solar proton flux, and geomagnetic activity, helping radio users assess conditions that may produce increased ionospheric absorption, radio blackouts, or other propagation disturbances.

Aviation Community Dashboard (NOAA-SWPC)

The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) Aviation Dashboard brings together space-weather information relevant to aviation operations and communications. Its products include D-Region Absorption Prediction (D-RAP), solar proton flux, the Kp index, and Total Electron Content (TEC), providing information useful for assessing potential effects on HF communications, satellite navigation, and other aviation systems.

Geophysical Alert - WWV Text (NOAA-SWPC)

The NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) provides space-weather information broadcast by WWV, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard time and frequency radio station. These broadcasts include information on solar and geomagnetic activity that can help radio operators assess current conditions affecting HF radio propagation. WWV transmits continuously on 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MHz, with the space-weather information included in scheduled voice announcements on these standard-frequency transmissions.

GIRO: Global Ionosphere Radio Observatory (UMASS Lowell)

The Global Ionospheric Radio Observatory (GIRO) is an international network of ionosondes that provides near-real-time and archived measurements of the ionosphere. Its data include ionograms and derived ionospheric parameters such as critical frequencies and layer heights, providing valuable information for monitoring ionospheric conditions and assessing their influence on HF radio propagation.

Grey Line (Fourmilab)

The Grey Line tool displays the moving boundary between daylight and darkness on Earth, known as the solar terminator. For radio operators, this information is useful because HF propagation conditions can be enhanced along and near the grey line, particularly on the lower HF bands, as the ionosphere undergoes rapid changes around local sunrise and sunset.

Ionosfera Project (ESA/AMSAT Italia)

The Ionosfera Project provides tools and services for predicting and analysing radio-wave propagation through the ionosphere, primarily for the amateur-radio community. The observational and operational data collected through the project can also support studies of ionospheric conditions and HF propagation, providing radio amateurs and researchers with measurements obtained from geographically distributed stations.

Research and Education

Propagation of RF Signals (ARRL)

The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) is the national association for amateur radio in the United States and provides extensive educational and technical resources for radio amateurs. Its materials cover topics including HF propagation, the ionosphere, solar and geomagnetic activity, antennas, operating techniques, and radio communications, helping operators understand how space-weather and ionospheric conditions affect amateur-radio propagation.

Propagation Studies Committee (RSGB)

The Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) is the United Kingdom's national society for amateur radio and provides educational and technical resources covering radio operation, electronics, antennas, and radio-wave propagation. Its propagation resources help radio amateurs understand how solar activity, geomagnetic activity, and ionospheric conditions influence HF communications and amateur-radio propagation.

Introduction to HF Radio Propagation (Australian BOM)

The Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre (ASWFC) provides educational material explaining the fundamentals of HF radio propagation through the ionosphere. The resource describes how ionospheric conditions influence the frequencies and distances over which HF signals can propagate, helping users understand concepts used in HF communication and propagation forecasting.

Stanford VLF Group (Stanford University)

The Stanford University VLF Group conducts research on Earth's electromagnetic environment, including lightning, the ionosphere, magnetosphere, and radiation belts. Its research uses Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio waves to investigate interactions between the lower ionosphere, lightning-generated electromagnetic emissions, energetic particles, and Earth's magnetosphere, contributing to the understanding of the coupled near-Earth space environment.

International Space Environment Service (ISES)

The International Space Environment Service (ISES) is a collaborative international network of organizations that monitor and forecast the space environment. Through its Regional Warning Centres and associated organizations, ISES facilitates the exchange of space-weather observations, forecasts, alerts, and expertise, supporting international cooperation in space-weather monitoring and prediction.

Space Weather Journal (American Geophysical Union)

Space Weather, published by the American Geophysical Union (AGU), is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the research and application of space-weather science. It publishes studies of solar and geospace phenomena, their effects on technological systems and infrastructure, and methods for observing, modelling, forecasting, and mitigating the effects of space weather.

Space Weather Center (Space Science Institute)

The Space Science Institute (SSI) is a nonprofit research and education organization whose activities combine scientific research, education, and public outreach. Its research encompasses areas including space physics, Earth science, planetary science, and astrophysics, while its educational programs help communicate space and Earth science to students, educators, and the general public.

EA4FSI Resources

HF Radio resource center

Resources related to HF radio communications, including antenna analysis, articles on space weather, NVIS communications, radio-link planning, EA3EPH propagation forecasts, user manuals for propagation-prediction tools in Spanish (such as W6ELProp and PropView), radio direction finding, and a glossary of technical terms.

VHF/UHF Radio resource center

A collection of resources on VHF and UHF radio communications, including antenna analysis, a Spanish-language manual for the Radio Mobile propagation-prediction tool, antenna-simulation techniques using NEC-2-based software, radio direction finding (RDF), and applied radio-engineering projects.

EA4FSI Technical Articles

A selection of EA4FSI technical articles exploring radio communications, propagation mechanisms, antenna systems, radio direction finding, and the effects of space weather on radio systems.

Telecomunicaciones de Emergencia

A blog devoted to emergency radio communications, particularly aimed at radio amateurs and members of Spain's National Emergency Radio Network (REMER), featuring information, resources, and operational guidance related to emergency and disaster communications.

HF Radio & Space Weather is a resource dedicated to the operational monitoring of space weather and HF propagation conditions.

This is an educational, non-commercial website. All displayed data is property of their authors and credit and hyperlinks to the corresponding sources are provided. If you want to contact the webmaster, please use this form.